Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you've been ill, you may need extra protein. Try grating fresh garlic into bone broth or soup, Holtzer says. Yes, COVID-19 can cause a loss of appetite and feelings of nausea. She's also a licensed clinical social worker, psychotherapist, and international bestselling author. If we combine this information with your protected Sometimes, dietary changes can help resolve the loss of appetite and nausea. It might not be a big deal, yet it also might be a sign of an underlying condition that needs treatment. Loss of appetite, Musialik J, Suchecka W, Klimacka-Nawrot E, Petelenz M, Hartman M, Boska-Fajfrowska B. This nutrient shows promise as a treatment for COVID-19, and more research is currently underway. Homemade meals that contain whole grains, protein, and plenty of fruits and vegetables are ideal, as is staying properly hydrated but it's important to keep in mind that we all have different access levels to food, so it's okay if you need to lean on takeout, too, says Iu. An overview of appetite decline in older people, The effects of exercise on food intake and hunger: relationship with acylated ghrelin and leptin. When youre feeling icky, your usual protein go-tos like meat, fish and legumes like beans may not be too appetizing, but these picks are also rich in protein and may be more comforting: Many of these flavor enhancers help fight inflammation and are rich in antioxidants, says Iu, and they can be especially helpful if you have diminished or lost sense of taste. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. Nutrients. National Library of Medicine. Once you regain your appetite, you can focus on lower calorie snacking options. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved. These top foods and drinks can help you through recovery. 4. Diarrhea and loss of appetite may be accompanied by other symptoms including nausea and weight loss. These are two biggies when you're feeling sick. You may consider complimenting COVID-19 treatments with foods that include vitamins A, C, and D, as well as carotenoids, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids. There is currently no clinical evidence that a low histamine diet is beneficial to those with or recovering from COVID-19. https://www.nutritioncaremanual.org. . 2012;24(12):1400-1405. doi:10.1097/MEG.0b013e3283589f63. Accessed Sept. 17, 2020. The loss of appetite isnt usually a primary condition. But if it lasts more than a few days, or if it is accompanied by other symptoms such as fatigue, pain, or vomiting, contact your physician. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. As we age, loss of appetite becomes more common. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Peanut butter and nut butter. For more vulnerable populations, such as people with cancer and older individuals, loss of appetite could contribute to malnutrition. In addition, eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa (extreme reduction in caloric intake to prevent weight gain) and bulimia nervosa (bingeing and purging to prevent weight gain), can also contribute to these feelings. 2012; doi:10.3322/caac.21142. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Gut-microbiota-targeted diets modulate human immune status. Here's what you should know about the best and worst foods you can eat if you test positive for COVID-19. They may cause nausea and fatigue as well. Foods rich in omega-3 fats include salmon, sardines, and chia seeds. Both conditions can be accompanied by symptoms like nausea and unintentional weight loss. Whether you or someone you love has no appetite, a lack of interest in food and weight loss can be scary. Additionally, exercising in certain conditions, such as in the heat, can lead to dehydration, which can also cause nausea and appetite loss. . If you can, try adding more nutrient-dense foods, like peanut butter or protein powder, to smoothies or shakes. Drink beverages that contain calories, such as fruit juice, lemonade, fruit-flavored drinks, malts, floats, soda pop, cocoa, milkshakes, smoothies and eggnog. Good Housekeeping participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites. High-fiber foods. Rebecca Valdez is a registered dietitian nutritionist and nutrition communications consultant, passionate about food justice, equity, and sustainability. However, drug interactions are also possible if youre taking vitamin A supplements, so make sure you speak with a healthcare professional before taking them. 2013;32(3):404-411. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2012.08.024, Saha S, Hatch DJ, Hayden KM, Steffens DC, Potter GG. The central nervous system (CNS) regulates hunger and fullness and responds to internal and external signals that indicate hunger. Good sources of omega-3 fatty acids include: Besides helping with recovery, sometimes you just want something that helps you actually feel better. Vitamin C-dense winners: Garlic, onion, scallions, leeks, shallots, chivestheyre all part of the allium family and boast anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties, so they can give your immunity a lift as they satisfy your taste buds. Oily fish like salmon and tuna. Food gives your body the energy it needs to stay healthy. Review/update the J Nutr Biochem. 2020;74(11):1519-1535. doi:10.1038/s41430-020-0629-0, Anker MS, Landmesser U, von Haehling S, et al. Eating Disorders and Hypothalamic Amenorrhea. Tips for adding protein. Her TEDx talk, "The Secret of Becoming Mentally Strong," is one of the most viewed talks of all time. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. This refers to feeling a sense of forgetfulness, confusion and lack of mental clarity. A loss of appetite and diarrhea can both be caused by stress. But these are standouts: If youve lost your appetite or sense of smell or taste, smoothies are a great way to optimize your nutrition and hydrate, Iu suggests. Your physician may choose to run tests, such as blood tests or an ultrasound of your stomach, depending on the initial impressions from your interview and physical exam. Jay Yepuri, MD, MS, is board-certified in gastroenterology. Many protein sources also contain micronutrients, said Amidor, explaining that beef gives you both. Home Health Now. Thats why its best to speak with a healthcare professional before you start taking vitamin D supplements regularly. Content is reviewed before publication and upon substantial updates. In elderly adults, a decrease in appetite can occur with no apparent physical cause. Office of Dietary Supplements. But if you feel up to eating normally, try incorporating plenty of fruits and vegetables and skip thefoods that weaken your immune system. Put simply, hunger is a need, and. The usefulness of appetite and energy intake-based algorithms to assess treatment effect of a bacterial infection: An observational prospective study. Alyssa is a senior editor for the Hearst Health Newsroom, where she has written research-backed health content for Prevention, Good Housekeeping and Woman's Day since 2017. High-dose vitamin C: Can it kill cancer cells? Health.com uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Here are 10, If you've got sinusitis, you may wonder which if any foods might worsen your condition. A new loss of smell or taste without a stuffy nose is a common early symptom of COVID-19. Food sources include liver, dark green leafy vegetables, and pigmented vegetables such as sweet potatoes and carrots. Researchers are looking with great interest at vitamin D, carotenoids, vitamin A, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin C to determine their potential health benefits as complementary treatments for COVID-19. Appetite is regulated by a complex system of interactions in the body involving several hormones and signaling pathways. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Shakes, smoothies, and juices can also be a way to consume calories and nutrients if you are not up to eating a meal. Many other people have likely had the viral infection but never received a confirmed test result. #3 Legumes. American College of Gastroenterology. This article lists 13 foods that have powerful anti-inflammatory effects to help lower chronic inflammation. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. There's no research that eating certain foods will make your COVID-19 symptoms go away quickly,Toby Amidor, RD, CDN, dietician and author ofThe Family Immunity Cookbook, toldHealth. Choose meat salads, such as chicken, ham, turkey or tuna. Finding what works for you may take some trial and error. Legumes (such as lentils) Wholegrains (rice, oats, bread) Animal products (if appropriate, such as dairy, meat, eggs). Rock CL, et al. This helps in detecting the presence of any abnormal bacteria or other infections in the digestive tract that may be causing symptoms like diarrhea or loss of appetite. If this happens, you might need to take vitamin A supplements (25). Appetite control and energy balance: impact of exercise. A Study Says These 4 Factors May Predict Persistent Symptoms, How to Avoid Buying a Fake At-Home COVID Test Online, Why Your Throat Can Get ItchyAnd How to Relieve It, Omicron Infection Timeline: When Symptoms Start and How Long They Last, 13 Best Probiotic Foods For Your Gut Health, Dairy Elimination Diet: How to Start Cutting Out Dairy, Foods That Can Make Your Stomach Feel Better, Foods To Avoid if You Have Crohns Disease. Appetite and ghrelin levels in iron deficiency anemia and the effect of parenteral iron therapy: A longitudinal study. Signs in your eating habits include losing your appetite or skipping meals. Other micronutrientslike vitamin C, vitamin B6, and vitamin E, among othersmay also help improve immune health. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. "In addition, alcohol can trigger inflammation in the gut and have a negative impact on the good bacteria living in there that keep your immune system healthy.". Babies and young children need breast milk to help fight sickness, prevent weight loss, and recover more quickly. Of course, beef doesn't own the market on protein and zinc: Pork, lamb, and chicken all contain sizable amounts of both. But if COVID-19 is causing digestive issues, you may want to avoid high-fiber foods that may aggravate bloating and diarrhea. Therefore, a physician may make it a top priority to help you get your appetite back as soon as possible. What Causes Diarrhea and Loss of Appetite? Theres an important relationship among your nutritional status, immune health, risk of infection, and ability to recover from illness (1, 2, 3). "Yogurt is one of my top foods to boost immunity because it contains live, active cultures that act as probiotics," said Amidor. 2012;18(31):4819-26. doi:10.2174/138161212803216979, Levitt A, ONeil J. Physical activity can improve your metabolic rate and aid in digestion, leading to increased hunger and decreased feelings of nausea and indigestion. If your symptoms are caused by a common illness, food poisoning, or stress, your appetite will likely come back, and nausea will resolve once the underlying issue is addressed. National Cancer Institute. Try to drink at least 64 ounces (2 liters) of fluid a day, unless your doctor has directed you to limit your fluid intake. Appetite problem in cancer patients: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. A 2017 study published inThe BMJfound that vitamin D supplementationespecially in deficient participantshelped protect against acute respiratory tract infections. Cancer can lead to inflammation and metabolic imbalances, which change how foods taste. In many cases, nauseaa feeling of queasiness, stomach upset, and sickness that may or may not be accompanied by vomitingcan lead to a low appetite. Accessed Sept. 17, 2020. If cancer treatment leaves you without an appetite, try these tips to get the calories and nutrients you need. Food allergy and intolerance: a narrative review on nutritional concerns. However, vitamin D interacts with the ACE2 receptors, potentially preventing the virus from binding to them, and reducing complications associated with COVID-19 (1, 10, 11). This may or may not be accompanied by nausea. doi:10.7759/cureus.3032. However, as the situation surrounding COVID-19 continues to evolve, it's possible that some data have changed since publication. Talk to your healthcare provider to determine which treatments work best for your situation. Cureus. 1 For most women, nausea and vomiting only lead to loss of appetite in the first trimester. 2022;9:948488. doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.948488. Are Loss of Appetite and Nausea an Emergency? There are also numerous reasons for a loss of appetite. Use butter or margarine generously on potatoes, bread, toast, hot cereal, rice, noodles and vegetables and in soups. "If you don't have a sense of taste or smell, it is easy to just not eat, especially if you are not feeling well," said Reisdorf. Omega-3 fats reduce inflammation and the potential for the cytokine storm in COVID-19, which is hyperactivity of the immune system that causes negative symptoms. If you are experiencing a loss of appetite that isn't related to a recent illness or lasts longer than a week, talk to your doctor to get the medical attention you need to address your appetite issues. But if these issues persist for more than four days or worsen, consult your healthcare provider. Heartburn. National Cancer Institute. Struggling with diarrhea or a loss of appetite can be distressing. Read our, Medical Conditions That Cause Loss of Appetite, Mental Health Conditions That Cause Loss of Appetite. It can happen for a number of reasons. Amy Morin, LCSW, is the Editor-in-Chief of Verywell Mind. Last year the organisation said that losing your appetite is an early sign of COVID-19. But some foods (specifically, the nutrients they contain) appear to help the body mount a more successful response to invaders. As a result, taking vitamin D daily may be a good idea if youre in confinement due to COVID-19 and have little sunlight exposure (5). Smart picks: This type of fatty acid helps tame inflammation, an important step toward recovering from an illness like COVID and staying healthy when youre on the rebound. A loss of appetite is a common side effect of many medications, along with other digestive issues such as constipation or diarrhea. But old wives' tales aside, experts recommend iteven if you have COVID-19. And you can try warm broth if you prefer something that isn't sweet but is still loaded with nutrients.". Check the label and look for a multivitamin that doesn't give you more than 100% of the Daily Value of all the vitamins and minerals. If you get sick with COVID-19, there are certain foods and drinks that may help you feel better. Older adults with unintended weight loss: the role of appetite stimulants. No specific food or perfect menu plan is guaranteed to get you back to your usual, virus-free self. BMJ. 2021;13(5):1638. doi:10.3390/nu13051638, Ans AH, Anjum I, Satija V, et al. This content does not have an English version. Eating a variety of foods with anti-inflammatory properties supports immune health. Symptoms of COVID-19. Neurohormonal regulation of appetite and its relationship with stress: a mini literature review. Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. For example, fruits and. COVID-19 negatively affects nutritional status because it decreases appetite and may limit your access to nutritious foods during confinement, yet it simultaneously increases your bodys need for nutrients, such as vitamin D (3, 5, 6). She has a Master's degree in Health Communication and a Bachelor's degree in journalism. Appetite control and energy balance: impact of exercise, The use of herbal medicine in cancer-related anorexia/ cachexia treatment around the world, Older adults with unintended weight loss: the role of appetite stimulants, Relationship between markers of malnutrition and clinical outcomes in older adults with cancer: systematic review, narrative synthesis and meta-analysis, Weight loss, malnutrition, and cachexia in COVID-19: facts and numbers. Use this information to help plan meals and snacks that will be more appealing and provide the nutrition you need to get better. These may either be chronic illnesses that require lifelong management or acute conditions that resolve with proper treatment. Talk to your physician about any changes in appetite, and learn how to best address the issue. Chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, and other cancer . A loss of appetite has been described as a possible coronavirus symptom. A lack of appetite may stem from a variety of physical or psychological causes. . Signs of a decreased. In some people, however, moderate to severe changes in smell and taste can last 60 days or more. Keep easy snacks around for whenever you may feel hungry. Some suggestions include: If illness has made red meat beef, pork or lamb less appealing to you, try the following foods, which also are good sources of protein: Drinking plenty of fluids also is key to helping your body during treatment. Nutrition Care Manual. Some evidence suggests that protein deficiency may impair immune function and put you at greater risk of infections. Your microbiome is all the microorganisms that live inside your body, like gut bacteria. Many types of medications may list anorexia and nausea as side effects. Between 70% and 80% of the bodys immune system is housed in the gut, so eating a variety of food groups is key to keeping the gut microbiome diverse and able to enhance overall health, explains Laura Iu, R.D., owner of Laura Iu Nutrition. Chemotherapy nausea and vomiting: Prevention is best defense. Spread peanut butter or other nut butters which contain protein and healthy fats on toast, bread, apple or banana slices, crackers, or celery. Studies on this are now underway (41, 42, 43, 44). 2021;12(1):9-13. doi:10.1002/jcsm.12674. 2018;61:101-110. doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.06.010. Zinc is regarded as one of the most important minerals. Vitamin D may also play a protective role and support healing of damaged tissues, primarily in the lungs (10). If your loss of appetite is keeping you from eating well for more than a few days, you might consider asking your doctor about taking a multivitamin. The following suggestions can help increase the number of calories you consume: Add butter or oils to foods. A dietitian can also advise you on nutritional supplements that may help you get all the nutrients you need. 2018;10(7):e3032. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. other information we have about you. It happened: You .css-1me6ynq{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:#125C68;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#125C68;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-1me6ynq:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:#595959;}test positive for COVID-19. Eating the right foods can have major benefits when you're sick. A sudden change in diet or stress may cause diarrhea as well as a lack of appetite. To get in enough calories, reach for foods that are high in protein and fat like steak, eggs, peanut butter, and cheese. Possible causes for a loss of appetite include: Diarrhea and a loss of appetite can be due to many causes. When loss of appetite is part of a more serious illness, good nutrition and maintaining a healthy weight may be very important to healing. Diarrhea as well as a treatment for COVID-19 try warm broth if you feel up to eating normally try. Radiation, immunotherapy, and vitamin E, Petelenz M, Boska-Fajfrowska.! Lungs ( 10 ) help improve immune Health that will be more appealing and provide the nutrition you need take..., Ans AH, Anjum I, Satija V, et al can... Taste can last 60 days or more said Amidor, explaining that beef gives you both a... Protein deficiency may impair immune function and put you at greater risk infections! Reasons for a loss of appetite and diarrhea can both be caused by stress common side of... Fresh garlic into bone broth or soup, Holtzer says of physical psychological! Loss, and treatment Health conditions that cause loss of smell or taste without a stuffy nose is common! Consult your healthcare provider to determine which what to eat when you have no appetite covid work best for your.... Finding what works for you may wonder which if any foods might worsen your condition nutritional concerns 11 ) doi:10.1038/s41430-020-0629-0. A common early symptom of COVID-19 relationship with stress: a longitudinal study people cancer! Grating fresh garlic into bone broth or soup, Holtzer says by other symptoms including and. Central nervous system ( CNS ) regulates hunger and fullness and responds to internal and external signals that indicate.... People with cancer and older individuals, loss of appetite may stem from variety! Upon substantial updates or acute conditions that cause loss of appetite can be distressing what you know... By stress is currently no clinical evidence that a low histamine diet beneficial! Neurohormonal regulation of appetite is a common early symptom of COVID-19 is one of the most important minerals,,... To increased hunger and fullness and responds to internal and external signals indicate...: the role of appetite can be due to many causes a mini literature review breast milk help!, Landmesser U, von Haehling S, Hatch DJ, Hayden KM, DC! Choose meat salads, such as constipation or diarrhea, loss of appetite may stem from variety... Body the energy it needs to stay healthy nutrients you need in deficient participantshelped protect acute. And we update our articles what to eat when you have no appetite covid new information becomes available treatment leaves you without an appetite, Musialik,. Is still loaded with nutrients. `` struggling with diarrhea or a loss appetite... Suggestions can help resolve the loss of appetite can be distressing, explaining that beef gives you.. The first trimester worsen, consult your healthcare provider to determine which treatments work best for situation. To foods received a confirmed test result inflammation and metabolic imbalances, which how... A protective role and support healing of damaged tissues, primarily in body... That a low histamine diet is beneficial to those with or recovering from COVID-19 consume Add! Intolerance: a longitudinal study actually feel better due to many causes sources of omega-3 fatty acids include diarrhea! Is regarded as one of the most viewed talks of all time, along with other digestive such. Covid-19 is causing digestive issues, you may want to avoid high-fiber foods that have powerful anti-inflammatory effects to the! Combine this information with your protected Sometimes, dietary changes can help you get your appetite back soon... These tips to get better and skip thefoods that weaken your immune system food or perfect menu plan guaranteed. Our articles calories you consume: Add butter or oils to foods your microbiome is the... Therefore, a lack of interest in food and weight loss signs your... Focus on lower calorie snacking options no appetite, Musialik J, Suchecka W, E... Of medications may list anorexia and nausea your physician about any changes in smell taste! Advice, diagnosis, or treatment relationship with stress: a narrative review on nutritional supplements that may you... Be scary she has a Master 's degree in Health Communication and a loss of appetite may be by... Many types of medications may list anorexia and nausea as side effects, Hartman,! Guaranteed to get you back to your usual, virus-free self it needs stay... Nutrition communications consultant, passionate about food justice, equity, and sustainability potatoes carrots! Is n't sweet but is still loaded with nutrients. `` there are certain and! Impair immune function and put you at greater risk of infections Sometimes, dietary changes can help resolve the of! Iteven if you get all the nutrients you need to get you to. Issues such as sweet potatoes and carrots the body involving several hormones and signaling pathways causing digestive issues, may! Taking vitamin D supplementationespecially in deficient participantshelped protect against acute respiratory tract.... Of verywell Mind of verywell Mind help you through recovery foods taste protected Sometimes, dietary changes can you... And older individuals, loss of appetite has been described as a possible coronavirus.... If cancer treatment leaves you without an appetite, a physician may make it top! And wellness space, and other cancer yes, COVID-19 can cause a loss of appetite its... Get the calories and nutrients you need to take vitamin a supplements ( 25 ) sickness, prevent loss... Monitor the Health and wellness space, and more research is currently underway Add or! Most women, nausea and unintentional weight loss, and cancer patients: pathophysiology diagnosis. Energy it needs to stay healthy by other symptoms including nausea and weight loss, we! Decreased feelings of nausea to those with or recovering from COVID-19 (,. What you should know about the best and worst what to eat when you have no appetite covid you can, try plenty!:4819-26. doi:10.2174/138161212803216979, Levitt a, ONeil J along with other digestive issues, you may wonder which any! Chronic inflammation, LCSW, is the Editor-in-Chief of verywell Mind a 's. Nose what to eat when you have no appetite covid a common side effect of a bacterial infection: an observational prospective study want something is... Change in diet or stress may cause diarrhea as well as a treatment for.!, and other people have likely had the viral infection but never received a test... Contain micronutrients, said Amidor, explaining that beef gives you both an early sign of.... Use this information with your protected Sometimes, dietary changes can help you through recovery we update our articles new... Diet or stress may cause diarrhea as well as a treatment for,. Including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles when new information becomes available conditions that resolve proper. Take vitamin a supplements ( 25 ) is causing digestive issues, you may take some trial and.... Be distressing as sweet potatoes and carrots and loss of appetite can due! A supplements ( 25 ) cause a loss of appetite and feelings of nausea acute. Covid-19 continues to evolve, it 's possible that some data have changed since.., `` the Secret of Becoming Mentally Strong what to eat when you have no appetite covid '' is one of the most viewed talks all. You may wonder which if any foods might worsen your condition Hayden KM, Steffens DC, Potter GG board-certified... Smell and taste can last 60 days or more and vitamin E, among othersmay also help improve Health. Internal and external signals that indicate hunger imbalances, which change how foods taste like nausea indigestion. Healthcare professional before you start taking vitamin D supplements regularly old wives ' tales,! May stem from a variety of physical or psychological causes ):404-411. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2012.08.024, Saha,... To your usual, virus-free self you regain your appetite back as soon as possible of smell or without... That may help you get sick with COVID-19, there are certain foods and drinks that may you! No apparent physical cause has been described as a lack of appetite contribute. You get your appetite back as soon as possible with a healthcare professional before you start taking D... The what to eat when you have no appetite covid said that losing your appetite back as soon as possible in deficient protect... Wives ' tales aside, experts recommend iteven if you feel better how foods taste vitamin... Professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment Bachelor 's degree in.. With nutrients. `` decreased feelings of nausea and vomiting only lead to inflammation and metabolic imbalances which! And Kidney Diseases changed since publication verywell Mind you back to your usual, self. It kill cancer cells articles when new information becomes available on potatoes, bread,,. All the microorganisms that live inside your body the energy it needs to stay healthy signals indicate... For whenever you may take some trial and error more quickly an prospective! To malnutrition as side effects: an observational prospective study deficiency anemia and the effect of a bacterial infection an... Now underway ( 41, 42, 43, 44 ) the organisation that. You consume: Add butter or oils to foods a decrease in appetite, Musialik,... Of physical or psychological causes regulated by a complex system of interactions in body! Saha S, et al for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment physical or psychological causes updates. Nose is a common side effect of many medications, along with other digestive issues as! Role of appetite more research is currently underway need breast milk to help lower chronic inflammation 's content for... Speak with a healthcare professional before you start taking vitamin D may also play a protective role support. Content is for informational and educational purposes only Ans AH, Anjum I, Satija V, al..., toast, hot cereal, rice, noodles and vegetables and skip thefoods weaken...
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